输油管道腐蚀控制及防腐层大修技术

文中总结了引起输油管道局部腐蚀的主要原因,结合实例详细分析了输油管道在水泥固定管墩中及管道在穿跨越公路、铁路、河流的套管中引起腐蚀的几种原因,并提出了在水泥固定墩和套管中腐蚀控制应注意的问题及采取的措施,介绍了输油管道防腐层大修工艺和质量控制措施,结合实际案例介绍了防腐层大修技术的实际应用,为相关专业人士提供了参考。     

Effect of pitting corrosion on local strength of hold frames of bulk carriers (2nd Report)—Lateral-distortional buckling and local face buckling

Pitting corrosion is typical corrosion observed on coated hold frames of bulk carriers which exclusively carry coal and iron ore. In order to secure the safety of these types of bulk carriers, it is important to understand the effect of pitting corrosion on local strength of hold frames.

In order to investigate this effect, a series of 4- and 3-point bend tests on structural models which consist of web, shell and face plates has been carried out. Artificial pitting was created on the web plate to simulate pitting. In the 4-point bend tests, two equal concentrated loads have been applied vertically at the one-third points of simply supported models so that compression load due to bending would act on the face plate. In this testing condition, lateral-distortional buckling occurred before reaching the ultimate strength and local buckling of the face plate was observed after reaching the ultimate strength. The effect of web plate pitting on the lateral-distortional buckling strength was found to be small but the ultimate strength decreases with increase in the degree of pitting intensity. In the 3-point bend tests, concentrated load has been applied vertically at the center of simply supported models so that compression load due to bending would act on the face plate. In this testing condition, local face buckling occurred just after reaching the ultimate strength. The ultimate strength is found to be decreasing with increase in the degree of pitting intensity.

A series of non-linear FE analyses has been performed to simulate the deformation behavior observed in the tests. It has been revealed that even in the case of randomly distributed pitting corrosion the ultimate strength of the structural models was almost the same as that of the structural models with uniform corrosion corresponding to the average thickness loss.     

浅谈杂散电流腐蚀机理及防护措施

详细阐述了地铁杂散电流的形成机理及主要的防护措施。     

钢筋混凝土结构的腐蚀及防护措施

介绍钢筋砼结构防腐蚀的重要性,根据钢筋砼结构的特定使用环境,提出钢筋砼在结构设计、施工等各阶段合理地应用各种防腐蚀保护措施。     

压滤式电解水制氢电解槽极板腐蚀机理的研究

介绍了电解水制氢装置核心部件电解槽的主极板发生腐蚀的现象,研究并分析了极板腐蚀发生的原因,笔者认为主极板腐蚀的机理属于电偶腐蚀 孔蚀,碱液中有害离子是导致腐蚀发生的必要条件。针对主极板腐蚀发生的情况,提出了解决措施。     

外加电流阴极保护技术在天津港滚装码头预制梁中的应用

外加电流阴极防护是钢筋混凝土结构防腐蚀的主要技术手段之一。文章结合外加电流阴极保护技术在天津港滚装码头预制梁工程中的实际应用,介绍了外加电流阴极保护的原理和保护效果,是国内工程中的首次应用,将为我国今后外加电流阴极防护技术的发展和进步提供重要的参考和借鉴。     

船体结构总纵极限强度的简化逐步破坏分析方法

本文基于Smith方法,应用梁-柱理论、理想弹塑性假设、平截面假设和塑性铰理论建立了加筋板单元的应力-应变关系曲线,导出了船体结构总纵极限强度的简化逐步破坏分析方法并编制成FORTRAN计算程序.应用作者导出的简化逐步破坏分析方法分析计算了Reckling 23号模型总纵极限强度.计算结果表明,本文导出的简化逐步破坏分析方法和计算程序正确可靠,可供船体结构设计和使用.本文还对船体结构总纵极限强度的影响因素进行了分析,其中包括加筋板单元的载荷-缩短行为、横向压力、材料屈服强度和腐蚀等.     

最小二乘平差在纸海图矢量化过程中的应用

在矢量化纸海图时,由于基准点的采样误差,导致转换参数的误差,最终导致电子海图的空间对象的精度不高。本文应用最小二乘法对基准点的采样误差实施平差,提高转换参数的精度,最终可较大幅度地提高电子海图中空间对象的精度     

Experimental Investigation on Contribution of CFRP Attachment to Durability of Reinforced Concrete Structure Subjected to Chloride Attack

The function of externally-bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） in preventing chloride from entering into concrete is verified by experiment. The results show that externally-bonded CFRP can be considered as a part of corrosion prevention system of strengthened concrete structures subjected to chloride ingress, and the contribution of CFRP should be considered in evaluation of durability of reinforced concrete structures with externally-bonded CFRP. With the effective shielding function of CFRP considered, an equation for residual lifetime prediction of concrete structures with externally-bonded CFRP is derived from Fick＇s dispersion law. CFRP has two functions for coastal concrete structures, including strengthening and increasing durability as part of corrosion prevention system.     

油酸基咪唑啉类缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能研究

以油酸与羟乙基乙二胺为原料，采用两步脱水法合成了油酸基咪唑啉，通过烷基化反应合成了多种咪唑啉衍生物．用IR、静态失重、极化曲线、SEM检测方法考察合成缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能．研究结果表明：油酸与羟乙基乙二胺经150℃和200℃两次脱水反应，可成功合成油酸基环状咪唑啉；当油酸与羟乙基乙二胺摩尔比高于1：1．2时，获得的缓蚀剂在加入量很小的情况下，缓蚀率就可达到90％以上；此外溶液的pH、缓蚀剂用量对缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能也均有影响．